The determination of total organic carbon in soils, fertilizers, sewage sludge, sediments, and humic extracts is widely performed by chemical oxidation methods with K2Cr2O7. The Yeomans-Bremner (YB) method is currently the one that stands out the most. The drawback of these methods is the large amount of concentrated H2SO4 used, which generates a large amount of hazardous waste. This work proposes using KMnO4 as an alternative to K2Cr2O7 for a lower consumption of H2SO4. The method uses the back titration of Fe2+ added to consume both the MnO2 produced and the excess KMnO4 that was not consumed in the OM oxidation. A non-trivial and yet not explored stoichiometry was applied for this purpose, providing a success not yet achieved in using permanganate to determine TOC by titration. The ideal condition for the oxidation of OC was determined by the analysis of a potassium hydrogen phthalate standard and involved the use of 0.125 mol L-1 H2SO4 and temperature of 70 °C, obtaining a significant advantage over the YB method (concentrated H2SO4 and 170 °C). The proposed method was applied to the analysis of soil samples, producing conversion factors for soil organic carbon that varied between 0.652 and 1.12.

ABSTRACT Introduction: During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) was used as support while waiting for the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) or as an alternative to invasive ventilation. The objective of this work is the description and analysis of the use of CNAF in our population. Objectives: Primary: Determine if HFNC prevents orotracheal intubation. Secondary: Analyze predictors of success at the start of CNAF and a descriptive analysis of the sample Materials and method: Retrospective descriptive observational study. Patients over 16 years of age positive for SARS-CoV-2, treated in Guard and ICU were included. who used CNAF between October 2020 and March 2021 Data was collected in individual forms, analyzed by an external professional. Results: The study included 72 patients (16 to 88 years old), 20 women and 52 men; 50 % of the sample avoided orotracheal intubation. Start IROX, group “success” vs. group “failure” p = 0.006. Comparison Irox.12 h group “success” vs. group “failure” p < 0.001. Comparison “Time from admission to start of CNAF” group “success” vs. group “failure” p = 0.133. Comparison “Delta IROX” group “success” vs. group “failure” p = 0.092. Conclusion: HFNC avoided orotracheal intubation in the 50 % of the cases. The initial IROX and the IROX 12 hours after the use of HFNC were statistically significant, which is a good predictor of success in this population. The date of onset of symptoms and the use of FNAF and IROX delta during the first 12 hours were not statistically significant for the success of the therapy. These data are a useful tool for generating patient selection protocols for this pathology.

RESUMEN Introducción: Durante la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2, la cánula nasal de alto flujo (CNAF) se usó como soporte en espera de Unidad de terapia intensiva (UTI) o como alternativa a la ventilación invasiva. Objetivos: Primario: Determinar si la cánula nasal de alto flujo evita la intubación orotraqueal. Secundarios: Analizar predictores de éxito al inicio de la cánula nasal de alto flujo y análisis descriptivo de la muestra. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo. Se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 16 años positivos para SARS-CoV-2, atendidos en guardia y unidad de terapia intensiva, que utilizaron cánula nasal de alto flujo entre octubre de 2020 y marzo 2021. Se recolectaron datos en planillas individuales, analizadas por un profesional externo. Resultados: Se incluyeron en el trabajo 72 pacientes (de 16 a 88 años), 20 mujeres y 52 hombres. El 50 % de la muestra evitó la intubación orotraqueal. El IROX inicio grupo “éxito” vs. grupo “fracaso”, p = 0,006. Comparación Irox 12 h grupo “éxito” vs. grupo “fracaso” p < 0,001. Comparación “tiempo desde ingreso a inicio de cánula nasal de alto flujo” grupo “éxito” vs. grupo “fracaso”, p = 0,133. Comparación “Delta IROX” grupo “éxito” vs grupo “fracaso” p = 0,092. Conclusión: Se evitó la intubación orotraqueal en el 50 % de los casos. El IROX de inicio y el IROX a las 12 h del uso de cánula nasal de alto flujo fue estadísticamente significativo, lo que es un buen predictor del éxito en esta población. La fecha de inicio de síntomas y el uso de cánula nasal de alto flujo y el delta del IROX durante las primeras 12 h no fue estadísticamente significativo para el éxito de la terapia. Estos datos son una herramienta útil con el objeto de generar protocolos de selección de pacientes para esta patología.

ABSTRACT Introduction: During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) was used as support while waiting for the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) or as an alternative to invasive ventilation. The objective of this work is the description and analysis of the use of CNAF in our population. Objectives: Primary: Determine if HFNC prevents orotracheal intubation. Secondary: Analyze predictors of success at the start of CNAF and a descriptive analysis of the sample Materials and method: Retrospective descriptive observational study. Patients over 16 years of age positive for SARS-CoV-2, treated in Guard and ICU were included. who used CNAF between October 2020 and March 2021 Data was collected in individual forms, analyzed by an external professional. Results: The study included 72 patients (16 to 88 years old), 20 women and 52 men; 50 % of the sample avoided orotracheal intubation. Start IROX, group “success” vs. group “failure” p = 0.006. Comparison Irox.12 h group “success” vs. group “failure” p < 0.001. Comparison “Time from admission to start of CNAF” group “success” vs. group “failure” p = 0.133. Comparison “Delta IROX” group “success” vs. group “failure” p = 0.092. Conclusion: HFNC avoided orotracheal intubation in the 50 % of the cases. The initial IROX and the IROX 12 hours after the use of HFNC were statistically significant, which is a good predictor of success in this population. The date of onset of symptoms and the use of FNAF and IROX delta during the first 12 hours were not statistically significant for the success of the therapy. These data are a useful tool for generating patient selection protocols for this pathology.

RESUMEN Introducción: Durante la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2, la cánula nasal de alto flujo (CNAF) se usó como soporte en espera de Unidad de terapia intensiva (UTI) o como alternativa a la ventilación invasiva. Objetivos: Primario: Determinar si la cánula nasal de alto flujo evita la intubación oro traqueal. Secundarios: Analizar predictores de éxito al inicio de la cánula nasal de alto flujo y análisis descriptivo de la muestra. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo. Se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 16 años positivos para SARS-CoV-2, atendidos en guardia y unidad de terapia intensiva, que utilizaron cánula nasal de alto flujo entre octubre de 2020 y marzo 2021. Se recolectaron datos en planillas individuales, analizadas por un profesional externo. Resultados: Se incluyeron en el trabajo 72 pacientes (de 16 a 88 años), 20 mujeres y 52 hombres. El 50 % de la muestra evitó la intubación orotraqueal. El IROX inicio grupo “éxito” vs. grupo “fracaso”, p = 0,006. Comparación Irox 12 h grupo “éxito” vs. grupo “fracaso” p < 0,001. Comparación “tiempo desde ingreso a inicio de cánula nasal de alto flujo” grupo “éxito” vs. grupo “fracaso”, p = 0,133. Comparación “Delta IROX” grupo “éxito” vs grupo “fracaso” p = 0,092. Conclusión: Se evitó la intubación orotraqueal en el 50 % de los casos. El IROX de inicio y el IROX a las 12 h del uso de cánula nasal de alto flujo fue estadísticamente significativo, lo que es un buen predictor del éxito en esta población. La fecha de inicio de síntomas y el uso de cánula nasal de alto flujo y el delta del IROX durante las pri meras 12 h no fue estadísticamente significativo para el éxito de la terapia. Estos datos son una herramienta útil con el objeto de generar protocolos de selección de pacientes para esta patología.

ABSTRACT The Scientists of Tomorrow/ Cientistas do Amanhã project is an immersive science training program developed by the Program of Post-Graduation in Health Sciences at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. This program was conducted in partnership with Volunteering and Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Professor Paulo Freire in Paraisópolis, São Paulo, Brazil. The Scientists of Tomorrow Program comprised a short training period conducted in May 2022 involving 37 students, and a long training period from August to December 2022, which included 15 students. It aimed to popularize science through practical activities; transfer knowledge to young students; sensitize and guide them to pursue academic-scientific careers; reduce stereotypes about scientific work and scientists; and help students understand the social, political, and ethical roles of science within society. All activities were led by postgraduate students and professors from our postgraduate program, physicians, nurses, physiotherapists, biomedicals, and veterinarians from Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, as well as medical students from Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein . Activities in the short training included lectures on cinema and science, strategies to combat fake news, non-violent communication, innovation, design-thinking framework, and developing a scientific project. During the long training period, discussions were focused on nanotechnology, animal research, big data, bioinformatics, meditation, blood and bone marrow donation, telemedicine, sex and sexually-transmitted infections, rehabilitation, career opportunities, and scientific integrity. In addition, practical activities were further expanded using optical and confocal microscopy, cytometry, and basic concepts regarding the structure and function of living cells. The program also included the launching of the open-air outreach Education E-natureza activity, which turned students into ambassadors of nature. In conclusion, the Scientists of Tomorrow Program was innovative and enabled young students to learn that science is a collective activity that can enhance public health.

Abstract Background Telemedicine allows Parkinson disease (PD) patients to overcome physical barriers to access health care services and increases accessibility for people with mobility impairments. Objective To investigate the feasibility indicators of a telehealth intervention for PD patients, including patient recruitment, attendance, technical issues, satisfaction, and benefits on levels of physical activity and sleep. Methods We conducted a single-center, single-arm study of telehealth video consultations using WhatsApp (Meta Platforms, Inc., Menlo Park, CA, USA). Also, we collected the feasibility indicators as the primary endpoints. All the patients in the study were previously evaluated in person by the same team. Results Patient recruitment, attendance, and technical issues rates were 61.3%, 90.5%, and 13.3%, respectively, with good scores of patient acceptance and satisfaction with the study intervention. The telehealth intervention improved physical activity, including the number of walks for at least 10 continuous minutes (p = 0.009) and the number of moderate-intensity activities lasting at least 10 continuous minutes (p = 0.001). The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) scores also improved for one of its components: perceived sleep duration (p < 0.001) and for total Pittsburgh score (p < 0,001). The average travel time saving was 289.6 minutes, and money-saving was R$106.67 (around USD 18; almost 10% of the current minimum wage in Brazil). Conclusions Direct-to-patient telehealth video consultations proved to be feasible and effective and had a positive impact on physical activity levels and sleep in PD patients.

Resumo Antecedentes A telemedicina permite que pacientes com doença de Parkinson (DP) superem barreiras físicas para acessar serviços de saúde e aumenta a acessibilidade para pessoas com mobilidade reduzida. Objetivo Investigar indicadores de viabilidade de uma intervenção em telessaúde para pacientes com DP, incluindo recrutamento, atendimento, aderência, problemas técnicos, satisfação e benefícios nos níveis de atividade física e sono. Métodos Foi conduzido um estudo de centro e braço únicos baseado em consultas por telessaúde com utilização do WhatsApp (Meta Platforms, Inc., Menlo Park, CA, EUA). Foram calculados indicadores de viabilidade como desfechos primários. Resultados As taxas de recrutamento, atendimento e problemas técnicos foram 61,3%, 90,5% e 13,3%, respectivamente, com bons escores de aceitação e satisfação com a intervenção. A intervenção melhorou os níveis de atividade física, incluindo o número de passos por pelo menos 10 minutos contínuos (p = 0,009) e o número de atividades intensas e moderadas com duração de pelo menos 10 minutos contínuos (p = 0,001). O Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh melhorou nos seguintes componentes: duração percebida do sono (p < 0,001) e escore total (p < 0,001). A média do tempo de viagem médio poupado foi de 289,6 minutos, e a economia financeira foi de R$ 106,67 reais (por volta de USD 18; quase 10% do salário mínimo atual do Brasil). Conclusões As consultas por vídeo provaram ser viáveis e efetivas, com impacto positivo nos níveis de atividade física e sono de pacientes com DP.

Resumo O uso de modelos computacionais paramétricos possibilitou uma revolução na forma das edificações. No entanto, a liberdade formal trazida por esses modelos apresenta novos desafios, principalmente em relação ao processo construtivo e ao uso dos materiais nas arquiteturas com formas complexas. Logo, entender a construtibilidade, ou como os processos de fabricação e montagem e os materiais influenciam na geração da forma, é essencial para o desenvolvimento de uma arquitetura eficiente e eficaz. Com base nisso, este artigo tem como objetivo identificar e analisar o estado da arte relativo aos processos de fabricação e montagem de formas arquitetônicas complexas por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura (RSL). Após a pesquisa em cinco bases de dados, encontrou-se 142 trabalhos, dois quais 61 foram selecionados para análise. Esses trabalhos possibilitaram uma visão ampla da aplicação de materiais e técnicas de fabricação digital para construção de formas complexas, além de diferentes critérios de construtibilidade utilizados para análises das formas, citados em 17 trabalhos. Conclui-se que o desenvolvimento de formas arquitetônicas complexas demanda a integração entre o projeto da forma, os materiais de construção que serão utilizados e os processos de fabricação e montagem.

Abstract The use of parametric computational models led to a revolution in building shapes. However, the formal freedom brought about by parametric models has also posed new challenges, especially concerning the construction process and the use of materials in architecture using complex shapes. Therefore, for the development of an efficient and effective architecture, it is essential to understand constructability or how manufacturing and assembly processes and materials influence the generation of shapes. Hence, this article aims to identify and analyse the state of the art regarding the manufacturing and assembly processes of complex architectural forms through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). After searching five databases, 142 papers were found, of which 61 were selected for analysis. These works offered a broad view of the application of materials and digital manufacturing techniques in the construction of complex shapes, as well as different constructability criteria used for shape analysis, mentioned in 17 papers. This study’s conclusion is that the development of complex architectural forms requires the integration between the shape design, the construction materials that will be used, and the manufacturing and assembly processes.

Resumo No cenário da Construção Civil, o desempenho dos elementos construtivos constitui uma temática pertinente para a pesquisa científica. Sob esse viés, o objetivo do trabalho consistiu em analisar o comportamento mecânico e térmico de argamassas de revestimento, utilizando diferentes teores - 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% e 50% - de uma fração fina de argila expandida como substituta parcial do agregado convencional, a fim de compará-las a uma argamassa de referência sem argila expandida. Para isso, foram determinadas importantes propriedades mecânicas das argamassas, tanto no estado fresco como no estado endurecido. Além disso, foi determinada a condutividade térmica das argamassas e realizados testes laboratoriais com o auxílio de simuladores de incidência e transferência de calor nas amostras. Os resultados apontam que as argamassas com incorporação de argila expandida não apresentaram impactos negativos nas suas propriedades mecânicas. Em contrapartida, observou-se que o aumento do teor de argila expandida na composição dos traços reduziu a condutividade térmica e aumentou o isolamento térmico das amostras. Desse modo, fica evidente a influência do agregado leve no comportamento térmico das argamassas em estudo, sem comprometer o seu comportamento mecânico.

Abstract In the construction industry context, the performance of constructive elements is a relevant topic for scientific research. Hence, the aim of this study was to analyse the mechanical and thermal behaviour of lining mortars, using different contents - 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% - of a fine fraction of expanded clay as a partial substitute for the conventional aggregate, in order to compare them with a reference mortar without expanded clay. With that purpose, important mechanical properties of the mortars were identified, both in the fresh state and in the hardened state. In addition, the thermal conductivity of the mortars was determined and laboratory tests were carried out on the samples with the aid of incidence and heat transfer simulators. The results show that the mortars incorporating expanded clay did not present negative impacts on their mechanical properties. On the other hand, the increase in the expanded clay content in the composition of the mixes reduced the thermal conductivity and increased the thermal insulation of the samples. Thus, the influence of light aggregate on the thermal behaviour of the mortars under study is evident, without compromising their mechanical behaviour.

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar os determinantes de higienização das mãos de cuidadores informais em ambiente hospitalar. Métodos: estudo qualitativo realizado em um hospital universitário da Região Nordeste do Brasil, com 55 cuidadores. Utilizou-se de instrumento semiestruturado, adaptado do Modelo de Promoção da Saúde, de Nola Pender, do qual derivaram as categorias dedutivas. Resultados: o comportamento geral incluiu higiene das mãos antes das refeições e após utilizar o banheiro. Observou-se sensibilidade para higienizar as mãos, porém as barreiras e a autoeficácia consistiram na disponibilidade de sabão ou álcool em gel, no desconhecimento acerca da importância e no esquecimento da prática. O reforço da importância da prática e estar em ambiente contaminado foram influenciadores, sendo imprescindíveis compromissos, avisos e treinamentos. Conclusões: identificaram-se determinantes positivos para adesão da higiene das mãos como benefícios relacionados à proteção de infecção. Para não adesão, destacaram-se fatores como ausência de insumos, desconhecimento da importância e esquecimento.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze hand hygiene determinants of informal caregivers in a hospital environment. Methods: qualitative study conducted with 55 caregivers at a university hospital in the Northeast of Brazil. A semi-structured instrument was used, adapted from Nola Pender's Health Promotion Model, from which the deductive categories were derived. Results: the general behavior included hand hygiene before meals and after using the bathroom. Sensitivity to the requirements for hand hygiene was observed, but the barriers and self-efficacy consisted of the availability of soap or alcohol-based hand sanitizers, the lack of knowledge on the importance of and forgetfulness of the practice. The reinforcement on the importance of the practice and being in a contaminated environment were influencers, and commitment, warnings, and training were indispensable. Conclusions: benefits related to protection from infections were seen as positive determinants for hand hygiene adherence. For non-adherence, factors such as lack of sanitizing supplies, ignorance towards the importance of the activity, and forgetfulness stood out.

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar determinantes de higienización de manos de cuidadores informales en ambiente hospitalario. Métodos: estudio cualitativo realizado en hospital universitario de Región Nordeste de Brasil, con 55 cuidadores. Utilizado instrumento semiestructurado, adaptado del Modelo de Promoción de la Salud, de Nola Pender, del cual derivaron categorías deductivas. Resultados: conducta general incluyó higiene de manos antes de comidas y después de ir al baño. Observó sensibilidad para higienizar las manos, pero las barreras y la autoeficacia consistieron en la disponibilidad de jabón o alcohol en gel, en el desconocimiento acerca de la importancia y en el olvido de la práctica. Refuerzo de la importancia de la práctica y estar en ambiente contaminado fueron influyentes, siendo imprescindibles compromisos, avisos y entrenamientos. Conclusiones: identificaron determinantes positivos para adhesión de higiene de manos como beneficios relacionados a la protección de infección. Para no adhesión, destacaron factores como ausencia de insumos, desconocimiento de la importancia y olvido.

RESUMO: A síndrome da vaca caída (SVC) é caracterizada por um bovino alerta que mostra incapacidade ou relutância em permanecer em estação por 12 horas ou mais. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar os achados clínicos, laboratoriais e patológicos em uma novilha Guzerá com rabdomiólise, pigmentúria e insuficiência renal aguda após a SVC. Uma novilha da raça Guzerá, de 17 meses de idade, foi transportada de caminhão por 350 km e apresentou decúbito esternal, grande dificuldade para assumir estação e caminhar. O exame neurológico não demonstrou alterações, e a novilha possuía resposta normal aos testes de nervos cranianos e medula espinhal. A palpação retal revelou útero grávido de cinco meses. Nenhuma outra anormalidade foi observada na pelve ou na região das articulações coxofemorais. As anormalidades bioquímicas incluíram atividades de enzimas musculares (creatina fosfoquinase e aspartato aminotransferase) extremamente aumentadas e níveis elevados de creatinina. A urinálise revelou urina enegrecida e turva, proteinúria e teste de sangue oculto positivo. O exame ultrassonográfico da medula espinhal não apresentou anormalidades. Este relato evidencia uma apresentação clínica (mioglobinúria) e achados patológicos incomuns em uma novilha com SVC em consequência de extensa lesão muscular compressiva. Veterinários e produtores devem estar atentos aos riscos do transporte rodoviário descuidado por longas distâncias de bovinos, especialmente vacas obesas, evitando assim sofrimento e despesas desnecessárias decorrentes da SVC.

ABSTRACT: The downer cow syndrome (DCS) is characterized by an alert cow showing inability or reluctance to stand for 12 hours or more. This paper reported clinical, laboratory, and pathological findings in a Guzerá heifer with rhabdomyolysis, pigmenturia and acute renal failure following DCS. A 17-month-old Guzerá heifer was transported via a 350-km ride in a truck and showed sternal recumbency and severe difficulty in standing and walking. Neurological examination was unremarkable, and the heifer presented normal response to cranial nerves and spinal cord tests. Rectal palpation revealed a 5-month gravid uterus. No other abnormalities were noted in the pelvis or around the coxofemoral joints. Biochemical abnormalities included extremely high muscular enzyme activities (creatine phosphokinase and aspartate aminotransferase) and high creatinine levels. Urinalysis revealed blackish and cloudy urine, proteinuria, and a positive occult blood test. Spinal cord ultrasonography showed no abnormalities. This report highlighted an uncommon clinical presentation (myoglobinuria) and pathological findings in a heifer with DCS as a consequence of severe compressive muscle damage. Practitioners and producers must be aware of the risk of careless road transportation for long distances of cattle, especially obese cows, avoiding unnecessary suffering and expenses due to DCS.

ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding exogenous enzymes to the diet on nutrient intake and digestibility, nitrogen balance, ingestive behavior and rumen movement of ewe lambs. Five ewe lambs, Dorper x Santa Inês crossbred, with an average age of 7 ± 1 months, average weight of 36.40 ± 2.36 kg were assigned in a 5x5 Latin square design. The treatments consisted of adding exogenous enzymes to the concentrate: Allzyme, Fibrozyme®, Amaize®, Mix and Control. Analyses of variance were applied and means were compared by the SNK test, and non-parametric Kruskal Wallis test at 5% significance. The dry matter intake in relation to body weight, crude protein intake and nitrogen intake were higher with the use of amylolytic enzyme compared to the other treatments (p <0.05). Nitrogen balance was higher with the use of amylolytic enzymes and the Allzyme® enzyme complex (p <0.05). A longer time spent in total chewing was observed with the inclusion of fibrolytic and amylolytic enzymes without changes in rumen movement. The use of exogenous enzymes promotes better use of nutrients, with high digestibility of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber and crude protein.

The purpose was to evaluate the effect of extruded roughage Foragge® with different additives on intake, digestibility nutrients and nitrogen balance of sheep. Twenty adults, non-pregnant ewes with average weight 68 kg were used. The treatments were extruded roughage with additives (essential oil, virginiamycin, unpurified inactive yeast, tannin and purified inactive yeast). The design was in randomized blocks. The means were contrasted by SNK test, and the fecal score was tested by the Kruskal Wallis test (1952), at 5% significance. There was no difference in the intake of dry matter, crude protein, nitrogen, water, water in relation to dry matter, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (p > 0.05). As well as the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber, the fecal weight, fecal nitrogen, retained nitrogen and nitrogen retained in relation to nitrogen ingested (p > 0.05). However, dry matter intake as a function of body weight and metabolic weight, urinary nitrogen, hemicellulose intake, and hemicellulose as a function of NDF, were higher in the Foragge Factor® treatment (p < 0.05). The inclusion of different additives in the extruded roughage improved nutritional parameters, without causing disturbances.

Abstract: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among Brazilian dentists and its associated factors. Stratified random sampling of dentists from 33 administrative regions of the Federal District (Brazil) was performed. The presence of antibodies was verified by the OnSite COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test. Participants answered a survey about sociodemographic characteristics, exposure to COVID-19, and professional practice. A chi-square test was performed between serostatus and exposure variables. Mann-Whitney tests were carried out for quantitative variables. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated. A series of binomial logistic regression models was performed. The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among 324 selected dentists was 19.1%. There was a statistically significant association between seropositivity and previous confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, loss of taste or smell, diagnosis of COVID-19 in a household member, and treatment of a patient with fever. Dentists with a previous confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 had 29.5 [12.7–68.4] higher odds to exhibit positive serology test results. Dentists with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 in a household member had 2.5 [1.1–5.3] times higher odds to exhibit positive serology test results. Professionals with loss of taste or smell in the last 15 days had 5.24 [1.1–24.1] times higher odds to exhibit positive serology test results, and, for those who had treated patients with fever, there were 2.99 [1.03–8.7] times higher odds to exhibit negative serology test results. There was a similar prevalence rate of infection among dentists and in the general population. Nevertheless, this finding applies to the epidemiological situation in 2020, before the development of vaccines and the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a transição do perfil epidemiológico de fraturas de pacientes atendidos em um hospital terciário referência em traumatologia durante a pandemia de COVID-19, a fim de verificar mudanças no atendimento traumatológico. Métodos: Análise retrospectiva e descritiva dos dados de lesões ortopédicas admitidas no Instituto Doutor José Frota entre 16 de dezembro de 2019 e 16 de junho de 2020 (três meses antes e depois do primeiro caso de COVID-19 no Ceará). Resultados: Dos 913 pacientes avaliados, 28,5% eram mulheres e 71,5% homens. Houve redução significativa (p < 0,05) nas proporções de mulheres operadas no tempo analisado. Houve aumento na média da idade, sendo 35,40 anos pré-pandemia, e 38,48 (p = 0,04) no período seguinte. Os mecanismos de trauma mudaram significativamente (p < 0,05), com aumento proporcional de fraturas por alta energia e redução no número daquelas por queda ao solo. A quantidade de cirurgias ortopédicas reduziu em 11,9%, de 655 antes do primeiro caso de COVID-19 para 577 posteriormente (p = 0,071). A média do número de dias diminuiu para duração do internamento (p < 0,001) e para o tempo até a realização da cirurgia (p < 0,001). Conclusão: O impacto do lockdown neste hospital de trauma se deu principalmente pela diminuição na quantidade de casos operados e pela mudança do perfil e mecanismo de trauma dos pacientes. Nível de Evidência III, Estudo Retrospectivo Comparativo.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the epidemiological transition of fractures in patients who were treated in a tertiary hospital which is reference in traumatology during the COVID-19 pandemic to assess the changes in trauma service. Methods: This is a retrospective and descriptive analysis of data on orthopedics lesions treated at Instituto Doutor Jose Frota between December 16, 2019 and June 16, 2020 (three months before and after the first case of COVID-19 in Ceará). Results: In total, we evaluated 913 patients, 28.5% of which were women and 71.5%, men. We found a significative reduction (p < 0.05) in the proportion of female patients operated in the analyzed time. We also observed an increase in patients’ mean age, 35.4 years before the pandemic, and 38.48 (p = 0.04) during the consecutive period. Trauma mechanisms significantly changed (p < 0.05), with a proportional increase of high-energy traumas and reduction of instances of falling. We found a 11.9% reduction in orthopedic surgeries, from 655 to 577 at the time after the first case of COVID-19 (p = 0.071). Mean hospitalization length (p < 0.001) and time until surgeries decreased (p < 0.001). Conclusion: We observed the impact of lockdown in this hospital of trauma especially via the decreased number of operated cases and the change in patients’ profile and trauma mechanism. Level of Evidence III, Retrospective Comparative Study.

This work aims to know the perceptions that university students from public schools have about the processes of reading and writing in the period of schooling related to the stage of Elementary School: Initial and Final Years. For this, semi-structured interviews were carried out with 13 students from the Psychology course at the Federal University of Ceará – Campus Sobral, and a Thematic Analysis of the collected data was subsequently carried out. It was possible to notice that traditional teaching methodologies are still very present in everyday school life, thus imposing certain difficulties that enable critical reading and reflective writing. In addition, socioeconomic aspects and curricular differences appear as fundamental factors to be analyzed, especially with regard to academic performance and the relationship of students with reading and writing habits. It is concluded that the presence of methodologies aligned with traditional and conservative positions limit the possibilities of building knowledge within the classroom, and the issues that cut across socioeconomic and curricular aspects directly impact the students' academic performance.

Esse trabalho tem como objetivo conhecer as percepções que alunos universitários provenientes de escolas públicas têm sobre os processos de leitura e escrita no período de escolarização referente à etapa de Ensino Fundamental: Anos Iniciais e Anos Finais. Para isso, foram escolhidos como semiestruturados com 13 estudantes do curso de Psicologia da Universidade Federal do Ceará - Campus Sobral, sendo posteriormente realizada uma Análise Temática dos dados coletados. Foi possível perceber que as metodologias tradicionais de ensino ainda estão bastante presentes no cotidiano escolar, impondo, dessa forma, certas dificuldades que possibilitem uma leitura crítica e uma escrita reflexiva.Além disso, os aspectos socioeconômicos e as diferenças curriculares aparecem como fatores fundamentais a promoção, sobretudo no que diz respeito ao desempenho acadêmico e à relação dos estudantes com os hábitos de ler e escrever. Conclui-se que aa presença de metodologias alinhadas a traços tradicionais e conservadoras limitam como possibilidades de construção do conhecimento no interior das salas de aula, e as questões que atravessam os aspectos socioeconômicos e curriculares impactam a forma direta no desempenho escolar dos estudantes.

The present study investigated the use of choline chloride:glycerol deep eutectic solvent as an adjuvant for tuning the ethanol extraction of astaxanthin from Litopenaeus vannamei processing residues. The adjuvant concentration did not show a clear trend on the total carotenoid, however, the addition of adjuvant proved to be advantageous in the ultrasound-assisted experiments. In order to establish a balance between total carotenoid and productivity, an operational condition with ultrasound, 5% (m/v) choline chloride:glycerol and 10 min of incubation was selected, which provided 737.69 µg g-1 total carotenoids and 32.71 µg g-1 astaxanthin. When compared to the astaxanthin standard, the shrimp residue extract obtained greater antioxidant activity in free radical scavenging tests. In addition, the shrimp residue extract dramatically reduced the dosage of norfloxacin (up to 87.5%) and gentamicin (up to 75.0%) antibiotics in tests to inhibit the growth of Gram-negative bacteria.